选择题（选择一个最佳答案。共40题，每题2.5分。）

1. 免疫系统的三大功能为

A. 免疫防御、免疫应答、免疫记忆

B. 免疫应答、免疫记忆、免疫监视

C. 免疫防御、免疫记忆、免疫监视

D. 免疫防御、免疫自稳、免疫监视

E. 免疫应答、免疫自稳、免疫监视

2. 动物新生期切除胸腺的后果是

A. 细胞免疫功能缺陷、体液免疫功能正常

B. 细胞免疫功能正常、体液免疫功能缺陷

C. 细胞和体液免疫功能均不受影响

D. 细胞免疫功能缺陷、体液免疫功能受损

E. 机体造血和免疫功能均有损害

3. 免疫反应性是指抗原能够

A. 刺激机体发生免疫应答的性能

B. 与相应抗体特异性结合，发生免疫反应的性能

C. 刺激机体产生抗体的性能

D. 与相应免疫应答产物特异性结合，发生免疫反应的性能

E. 与致敏淋巴细胞特异性结合，发生免疫反应的性能

4.不完全抗原（半抗原）

A. 既有免疫原性，又有免疫反应性，且与蛋白质载体偶联后，才能与相应抗体结合

B. 只有免疫反应性，无免疫原性

C. 只有免疫原性，而无免疫反应性

D. 既无免疫原性，又无免疫反应性

E. 与抗原决定簇具有相似的含义

5.既有免疫反应性，又有免疫原性

A. 抗原决定簇

B. 胸腺依赖性抗原

C. 胸腺非依赖性抗原

D. 完全抗原

E. 共同抗原

6. 可引起交叉反应

A. 抗原决定簇

B. 胸腺依赖性抗原

C. 胸腺非依赖性抗原

D. 完全抗原

E. 共同抗原

7. 直接刺激B细胞产生抗体

A. 抗原决定簇

B. 胸腺依赖性抗原

C. 胸腺非依赖性抗原

D. 完全抗原

E. 共同抗原

8. 决定抗原特异性

A. 抗原决定簇

B. 胸腺依赖性抗原

C. 胸腺非依赖性抗原

D. 完全抗原

E. 共同抗原

9. 完全抗原

A. 只有免疫原性，无免疫反应性

B. 只有免疫反应性，无免疫原性

C. 既无免疫原性，又无免疫反应性

D. 既有免疫原性，又有免疫反应性

E. 不能激发细胞免疫应答

10. 甲胎蛋白

A. 自身抗原

B. 异种抗原

C. 异嗜性性抗原

D. 肿瘤相关抗原

E. 肿瘤特异性抗原

11. 甲状腺球蛋白

A. 自身抗原

B. 异种抗原

C. 异嗜性性抗原

D. 肿瘤相关抗原

E. 肿瘤特异性抗原

12. 关于免疫球蛋白和抗体的说法，哪种是正确的

A. 免疫球蛋白就是抗体，二者具有相同的含义

B. 免疫球蛋白均为抗体，抗体不一定都是免疫球蛋白

C. 免疫球蛋白与抗体不同，二者也不相关

D. 抗体均为免疫球蛋白，而免疫球蛋白不一定都是抗体

E. 抗体和免疫球蛋白只存在于血液和体液中，二者均有免疫功能

13. 关于Ig的描述，正确的是

A. 具有抗原性

B. IgD构成的免疫复合物可通过C1q激活补体

C. IgM中含分泌片

D. Ig中有κ和λ两类重链

E. 可被胃蛋白酶水解成Fab和Fc段

14. 具有亲细胞作用的抗体是

A. IgM

B. IgD

C. IgE

D. IgG

E. IgA

15. 免疫球蛋白分类的主要依据是

A. L链

B. H链

C. 二硫键数目

D. 单体数

E. 分子量大小

16. 补体固有成分中，分子量最大的是

A. C3

B. C5

C. C1

D. C4

E. C9

17. 补体系统在激活后可以

A. 诱导免疫耐受

B. 抑制变态反应

C. 结合细胞毒性T细胞

D. 启动抗体的类别转换

E. 裂解细菌

18. 参与替代途径激活补体的物质是

A. IgG

B. IgM

C. IgD

D. LPS

E. MBL

19. 经典途径的C3转化酶是

A. C4b2b3b

B. C3bnBb

C. C3bBb

D. C4b2b

E. C56789n

20. 旁路途径的C3转化酶是

A. C4b2b3b

B. C3bnBb

C. C3bBb

D. C4b2b

E. C56789n

21. 经典途径的C5转化酶是

A. C4b2b3b

B. C3bnBb

C. C3bBb

D. C4b2b

E. C56789n

22. 具有调理吞噬作用的补体裂解产物是

A. C2b

B. C3b

C. C5b

D. C2a

E. C4a

23. 关于IL-2的生物学效应，错误的是

A. 以自分泌和旁分泌方式发挥作用

B. 促进T细胞和B细胞的增殖分化

C. 增强NK细胞、单核细胞的活性

D. 抑制Th1细胞分泌IFN-γ

E. 诱导LAK细胞形成

24. 能杀伤细胞的细胞因子是

A. IL-2

B. TNF-α

C. 干扰素

D. IL-4

E. IL-1

25. Th2细胞主要分泌

A. IFN-α

B. IL-4

C. IFN-γ

D. TNF-β

E. IL-2

26. 巨噬细胞主要产生的细胞因子是

A. IL-1

B. IL-2

C. IL-4

D. IL-5

E. IL-10

27. 关于HLA-II类抗原分子，正确的是

A. 由α链和β2m链组成

B. 呈递外源性抗原

C. 分布在所有有核细胞的表面

D. 由HLA-A、B、C等基因编码

E. 可与CD8分子结合

28. HLA复合体基因不编码

A. HLA-I类分子的重链

B. HLA-I类分子的轻链

C. HLA-II类分子的α链

D. HLA-II类分子的β链

E. B因子



29. Which of the following is true of idiotypes?

a. This describes the Fc region of an Ab

b. This is the Ag binding region of an Ab

c. It is made up of hypervarible regions of both the heavy and the light chain

d. b and c

e. all of the above

30. The functions of the constant domains of an lg molecule include:

a. Binding of Ag

b. Activation of complement

c. Acting as an opsonin

d. a and c

e. b and c

31. Which of the following is true about the thymus?

a. It is a primary lymphoid organ

b. It is the site of maturation of B cells

c. Cells which would react to ’self-Ag’ are eliminated during development in this organ

d. a and c

e. All of the above

32. Lymphocyte recirculation involves cells moving from the blood to the lymph nodes (or other secondary lymphoid tissue) and then back to the blood and tissues. The purpose of this is:

a. To increase the opportunity to come in contact with Ag

b. To remain self-tolerant

c. To activate epithelial cells

d. To receive activation signals

e. All of the above

33. Secretion of lgA to the mucous membranes is mediated through attachment of a secretory chain. Which cell is responsible for production of this chain?

a. The B cell

b. The plasma cell

c. The Th2 cell

d. The epithelial cell

e. All of the above

34. C1qrs is able to:

a. Cleave C3 to C3b

b. Bind to Fc region of IgM and IgG

c. Directly activate the membrane attack complex

d. Directly activate the alternative pathway of C’

e. All of the above

35. To human beings, HLA antigen has been assigned to…

a. self antigen

b. alloreactive antigen

c. enoantigen

d. common antigen

e. superantigen

36. Among complement split products, what mediate chemoattractive effect?

a. C3b、C567

b. C3b、C5b、C567

c. C6、C9、C2b、C4b

d. C3a、C2a

e. C3a、C5a

37. The mutation of common γ receptor for IL-2 would lead to the deficiency of all cells except …

a. Th1 cells

b. B cells

c. neutrophils

d. NK cells

e. Th2 cells

38. Human IgM …

a. cross the placenta.

b. consists of 3 subunits linked together by a J chain.

c. protects mucosal surfaces.

d. most efficiently activates complement.

e. is the antibody produced by high affinity plasma cells

39. Monoclonal antibodies produced by hybridoma technology …

a. are usually of human origin.

b. are each the result of immortalization of a single monocyte.

c. usually have specificity predetermined by prior immunization.

d. are prepared by fusion of T lymphocytes and myeloma cells.

e. a monoclonal antibody recognize multiple epitopes.

40. One reason why different individuals can mount T cell responses to specific peptides and others cannot is because…

a. they lack the expression of class I or class II MHC molecules on specific cell types.

b. the peptides that can be presented by the MHC molecules that a person inherited are limited.

c. of an imbalance in the CD4/CD8 T cell ratio.

d. of costimulatory molecules.

e. different cytokines